Here, we apply a comparative genomics approach to examine the evolution of genes putatively involved in plant-insect interactions by sampling from the two largest beetle suborders, which, generally speaking, present contrasting trophic niches. Two expansions and 21 losses affected the candidate OGs for Adephaga, and 9 expansions and 6 losses for Polyphaga. While acknowledging their importance, here, we explicitly tested for adaptive LSE in one lineage vs. the other so gene evolutionary histories were required to span the two suborders and thus be traceable to their last common ancestor. Elateriformia To evaluate adaptive OG expansion, the likelihood of the count data was tested by optimizing parameters considering two methods provided by the OUwie R package v1.51 [43, 67]. Mol Ecol. MS, RMW, and NA wrote the manuscript, with input from all authors. Through explicitly testing for adaptive LSEs, these results offer support for the key evolutionary role of the phytophagous trophic niche in driving gene family expansions in Coleoptera (specifically Polyphaga), a feature that likely facilitated the adaptation of polyphagan beetles to specialized plant feeding. Cookies policy. Species richness: does flower power explain beetle-mania? Oxford: Wiley Blackwell; 2014. Subsequent analyses of gene gain and loss rates and of signatures of adaptive gene family expansion employed this ultrametric species tree, which importantly shows no significant difference in node ages within each suborder. Entomol Exp Appl. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Reliable estimation of gene gain and loss events requires a robust evolutionary framework, i.e., a phylogeny that includes the species studied, as well as the characterization of gene families across complete gene sets from these same species. Nat Rev Genet. Temporal lags and overlap in the diversification of weevils and flowering plants. 2011;11:914–21. Our results therefore suggest that comparable phenomena have been acting at the level of polyphagan beetles. Robinson GE, Hackett KJ, Purcell-Miramontes M, Brown SJ, Evans JD, Goldsmith MR, et al. Leschen RAB, Buckley TR. This indicates that genes other than the candidate detoxification and digestion enzymes, which could include genes with functions less obviously related or unrelated to phytophagy, are also likely to have played a role in the adaptive success and diversification of Polyphaga. Nucleic Acids Res. Nat Rev Genet. Zenodo. 1988;132:107–28 [University of Chicago Press, American Society of Naturalists]. Evolutionary history of the Hymenoptera. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene diversity in the crustacean Calanus finmarchicus - contributors to cellular detoxification. Moreover, across all OGs tested, Polyphaga exhibited significantly more adaptive LSEs than Adephaga. The presence of several clades of polyphagan and adephagan genes delineates duplication events following the divergence of the two suborders. 2016;25:6012–23. Positive results are those OGs that passed the OUwie analysis, and negative results are all of the 9720 OGs that did not obtain a significant overall CAFE p value or did not pass the OUwie analysis. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. and experienced larger proportions of gains among the candidate OGs. Suzek BE, Wang Y, Huang H, McGarvey PB, Wu CH, UniProt Consortium. The remarkable evolutionary success of beetles may have been driven by the interplay between their trophic niche and their genomic content and architecture. Re : Adephaga vs Polyphaga ? PubMed Google Scholar. This beetle needs fresh water to reproduce, and prefers to dwell in large, deep ponds (Matta 1974). Terms and Conditions, Adephaga The first abdominal segment is split by the posterior coxa. Evolution. Naturwissenschaften. The giant black water beetle (Hydrophilus triangularis) (Figure 1) is the largest aquatic-dwelling beetle in not only Florida, but in the entire United States (Epler 2010). Second, Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) models were used. but in the moment that the person is again under control, you should find out the causes and cure them one after another. 1). The BM models assume no selection where differences between the suborders result from stochastic processes whose rates are estimated. The P450 OG is by far the largest among the positive results (Additional file 1: Figure S3), highlighting the importance of P450s in beetle (and generally insect) physiology with diverse roles beyond detoxification, e.g., hormone biosynthesis [50]. While the dynamically evolving families that are the focus of this study are clearly not universal single-copy orthologs, the high levels of BUSCO completeness support the assumption that the datasets represent good coverage of the species’ gene content. Annu Rev Ecol Syst. Li D, Zhang J. 2014;15:176–92. BUSCO: assessing genome assembly and annotation completeness with single-copy orthologs. Kong Y, Liu X-P, Wan P-J, Shi X-Q, Guo W-C, Li G-Q. This represents a simplified scenario allowing for the comparison of gene contents between one group and the other rather than attempting to estimate “levels” of phytophagy or zoophagy across the phylogeny. Vasilikopoulos A, Balke M, Beutel RG, Donath A, Podsiadlowski L, Pflug JM, et al. Commonly seen across the continental US, this beetle has the widest distribution in the genus Hydrophilus (Short and McIntosh 2014). We explore the genomic consequences of beetle-plant trophic interactions by performing comparative gene family analyses across 18 species representative of the two most species-rich beetle suborders. Volume 1: morphology and systematics (Archostemata, Adephaga, Myxophaga, Polyphaga partim) In: Kristensen NP, Beutel RG, eds. Genome Biol. Handbook of zoology. Furthermore, the transcriptomes were sequenced from adults collected from their natural habitats, so members of the gene families that are the focus of our study were likely being actively transcribed at the time of sampling. The models BM1 (Brownian motion with a single rate for the whole tree), BMS (Brownian motion with different rates for each group), and OU1 (selection towards the same optimum for both groups) were optimized as null hypotheses (H0) and compared to OUM (selection towards two optima, same variance) and OUMV (selection towards two optima, two variances) models as alternative hypotheses (H1). Our conservative orthology filtering therefore ensured that the comparisons focused on gene families with reliably traceable evolutionary histories that span both groups of beetles. Junier T, Zdobnov EM. 69, Issue. Kriventseva EV, Tegenfeldt F, Petty TJ, Waterhouse RM, Simão FA, Pozdnyakov IA, et al. In: Herrera CM, Pellmyr OM, editors. It is comprised of numerous important families, … Conversely, transcriptome assemblies might collapse very similar paralogs into a single transcript and thereby underestimate true gene counts. As mentioned previously, these included 26 OGs that belong to one of the functional categories listed in Table 2 (“candidate” OGs). 2012;22:1309–13. 4, p. 645. A look inside odorant-binding proteins in insect chemoreception. A. pharmaceutical drugs can be of great help when the disease breaks out. Evolutionary history of Coleoptera revealed by extensive sampling of genes and species. Types of antenna (9) 1. fillaform: … Robert M. Waterhouse or Nadir Alvarez. PLoS Genet. The average total gene count for Adephaga species (all transcriptomes) was about 4200 fewer than for Polyphaga, which include 2 genomes with more than 22,000 genes. Both are adult females, carrying ootheca. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2593899. Whereas newly generated gene copies are usually redundant or deleterious and pseudogenized, rendering the gene copy non-functional [28], they are sometimes maintained. Syst Entomol. Katoh K, Standley DM. The number of predicted proteins for the genomic resources for each beetle species (Table 1, mean 15,977 and standard deviation 3748) was within the range expected for insects (see [44]). Uversky VN, editor. 1998;8:R843–5. Here are seven possible causes. McKenna DD, Sequeira AS, Marvaldi AE, Farrell BD. Fundamental concepts in genetics: genetics and the understanding of selection. Mapping uses the same BRH-based clustering procedure but only allows genes from mapped species to join existing OGs. All counts of gene gains and losses per node are presented in Additional file 1: Figures S1 and S2. Suborders of Coleoptera. 6/17/2020 5 Carabidae … These patterns should nevertheless be interpreted in the context of potentially confounding factors that could arise from combining genomic and transcriptomic datasets, conservative definitions of candidate gene families, or the greater species richness of the Polyphaga (see discussion points below and Additional file 1: Supplementary Results). Among several hypotheses explaining the tremendous diversity among beetles, a shift from an ancestral diet as saprophages (detritus feeding) or mycophages (fungi feeding) [16] to phytophagy (feeding on living plant material in a broad sense) is often evoked [1, 4, 5]. BUSCO applications from quality assessments to gene prediction and phylogenomics. Nat Rev Genet. Genomic signatures accompanying the dietary shift to phytophagy in polyphagan beetles. 2015;10:e0123322. 2014;31:2441–56. Bioinformatics. In particular, the class Insecta outnumbers all other classes with more than half of all described extant species [1, 2]. First, the python script provided by CAFE was used to estimate the error in our dataset. Secondly, assessments of completeness showed that the majority of the datasets contained more than 90% of complete BUSCOs (Fig. 2014;31:303–9. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2006;22:1658–9. Some of the computations were performed at the Vital-IT (http://www.vital-it.ch) center for high-performance computing of the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Bioinformatics. Zhang S-Q, Che L-H, Li Y, Dan Liang D, Pang H, Ślipiński A, et al. 90% af alle nulevende billearter. The Polyphaga is the largest and most diverse suborder of beetles.The name is got from two Greek words: poly-, meaning 'many', and phagein, meaning 'to eat', so the suborder is called the “eaters of many things”.Polyphaga … Our modeling of gene repertoire evolution across 18 beetle species identifies putative adaptive lineage-specific gene family expansions that accompany a dietary shift towards plant feeding. CP prepared the libraries for Laparocerus tessellatus transcriptome sequencing. Polyphaga é a maior sub-ordem de coleópteros, com cerca de 144 famílias e cerca de 300,000 espécies descritas.O grupo é extremamente diverso e está presente em todos os continentes e quase todos os … The numbers of orthologous groups (OGs) with expansions (+) and contractions (−) are displayed at the root node of each suborder. Adephaga vs. Polyphaga. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Cell. 2009;10:421 BioMed Central. 2009;63:2771–89. An adaptive radiation model for the origin of new gene functions. 2 and Additional file 1: Figures S3-S9) are candidate OGs belonging to one of the candidate gene families of Table 2, while none of the 21 OGs with higher optima in Adephaga belong to any of the candidate gene families. Study 22 Holometabolous 1 '15 flashcards from Venessa N. on StudyBlue. Nucleic Acids Res. Thus, both gain and maintenance are higher for candidates in Polyphaga, which is consistent with a key role for phytophagy in driving dynamic gene repertoire evolution, and particularly LSEs. In addition, filtering the OGs to retain only those with genes from both Adephaga and Polyphaga excluded from the analyses any genes that were specific to either suborder. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. They take into account an optimal family size that is obtained by selective pressure. Nutrition. Niehuis O, Hartig G, Grath S, Pohl H, Lehmann J, Tafer H, et al. Jones P, Binns D, Chang HY, Fraser M, Li W, McAnulla C, et al. The authors gratefully acknowledge the pre-publication access to gene predictions for Onthophagus taurus and Agrilus planipennis from the Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center’s i5k pilot project, represented by Stephen Richards. Enzymes are considered particularly relevant candidates for such evolutionary processes as they could expand their range of substrates [29]. Part of NCBI Genome Database resource identifiers for the species with genome assemblies: Anoplophora glabripennis, ID: 14033 [21]; Leptinotarsa decemlineata, ID: 12832 [37]; Onthophagus taurus, ID: 12827 (I5k, unpublished); Agrilus planipennis, ID: 12835 (I5k, unpublished); Dendroctonus ponderosae, ID: 11242 [36]; and Tribolium castaneum, ID: 216 [39]. We find gene repertoire evolution to be more dynamic, with significantly more adaptive lineage-specific expansions, in the more speciose Polyphaga. Further details of all 1KITE transcriptomes are given in Additional file 1: Table S4. Beaulieu JM, Jhwueng DC, Boettiger C, O’Meara BC. Protein families known to be crucial for eliminating harmful plant toxins are cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), carboxylesterases (CEs), UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) [20]. Red labels indicate genes belonging to species of Polyphaga, accounting for 98 out of 152 genes (their Ornstein-Uhlenbeck per-species optimum is 11.69 vs. 6.85 for Adephaga (blue labels), see Table 3). Voici la bête en entier. For the entire analysis, the CAFE overall p value threshold was kept at its default value (0.01). While gains constitute only a small subset of all OGs in both suborders, the proportion of gains is much larger among candidate OGs in Polyphaga. 1997;28:153–93 4139 El Camino Way, P.O. Functional annotations of the sequences within these OGs were used to identify and assign several of them to enzyme families relevant to the tested hypothesis. These are some of my Egyptian sand roaches, Polyphaga aegyptiaca. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci. Mol Biol Evol. However, among the candidate OGs for detoxification and digestion, there are also more gains in Polyphaga and, in contrast to the background, fewer losses. Hunt T, Bergsten J, Levkanicova Z, Papadopoulou A, St JO, Wild R, et al. 2010;5:e15635. The alignments for the gene trees for the eight OGs that tested positive for adaptive expansions were produced using MAFFT with the --auto parameter. A detailed list is presented in Table 1. BCE, MRR, JR, RMW, and NA supervised the analyses. There is a Save Point to the south, and further west is a spot that appears as a green circle on the in-game map. Misof B, Liu S, Meusemann K, Peters RS, Donath A, Mayer C, et al. Nucleic Acids Res. CAFE analyses changes in gene family sizes using a stochastic birth and death process to model gene gain and loss across a species phylogeny. NCBI TSA accessions of 1KITE transcriptomes: Cybister lateralimarginalis, GDLH00000000 [34]; Dineutus sp., GDNB00000000 [34]; Gyrinus marinus, GAUY00000000 [35], Haliplus fluviatilis, GDMW00000000 [34]; Noterus clavicornis, GDNA00000000 [34]; Sinaspidytes wrasei, GDNH00000000 [34]; Cicindela hybrid, GDMH00000000 (this study); Calosoma frigidum, GDLF00000000 (this study); Elaphrus aureus, GDPI00000000 (this study); Aleochara curtula, GATW00000000 [35]; Meloe violaceus, GATA00000000 [35]; and Stylops melittae, GAZM00000000 [35]. Briefly, protein sequence alignments are assessed to identify all best reciprocal hits (BRHs) between genes from each pair of species, which are then clustered into OGs following a graph-based approach that starts with BRH triangulation. 2015;7:15–23. Mckenna DD, Wild AL, Kanda K, Bellamy CL, Beutel RG, Caterino MS, et al. Cucujiformia “Berlese vs. Winkler”: Comparison of Two Forest Litter Coleoptera Extraction Methods and the Ecoli (Extraction of Coleoptera in Litter) Protocol. 2015;347:1258522. 2012;66:2369–83. The species tree was built from 405 single-copy orthologs and constrained to have Geadephaga (C. frigidum, E. aureus, C. hybridia) and Hydradephaga (the six other Adephaga) as monophyletic sister clades (e.g., following [6]). Apart from one positive result among the cysteine proteases (no significant category enrichment), our study did not highlight additional expansions in other digestive enzymes or in transporters within a suborder. Expansion of the gene ontology knowledgebase and resources. Curr Biol. 2010;26:1669–70. Roncalli V, Cieslak MC, Passamaneck Y, Christie AE, Lenz PH. 2011;3:75–86. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Changes include point substitutions, which may affect the existing functional elements, but also larger-scale changes such as duplications, from individual genes to entire genomes, which by adding new members to the repertoires of key gene families may constitute an ideal mechanism to facilitate the emergence of novel functions leading to successful phytophagy [27]. The Newick utilities: high-throughput phylogenetic tree processing in the Unix shell. Keeling CI, Yuen MM, Liao NY, Docking TR, Chan SK, Taylor GA, et al. Eight of these 88 OGs with higher optima in Polyphaga (Table 3; Additional file 1: Table S1; and gene trees in Fig. Article  Order Coleoptera Linnaeus, 1758. This work was supported by the United States National Science Foundation (DEB 1355169) and the United States Department of Agriculture (cooperative agreement 8130-0547-CA) to DDM, the Spanish grant CGL2013-42589-P awarded by the MINECO and co-financed by FEDER to BCE, the Science Foundation DFG grant BA2152/11-1, 2, the BGI-Shenzhen, the China National Genebank, and the following Swiss National Science Foundation grants: 31003A_143936 (PI), 31003A_173048 (MRR), PP00P3_170664 (RMW), and PP00P3_172899 (NA). Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. While many biological processes are likely to play a role in this evolutionary battle, a key weapon in the arsenal of phytophagous insects’ adaptations is their ability to neutralize or minimize the effects of plant secondary compounds. BMC Bioinformatics. Labandeira CC. 2007;3:e197. statement and Cdlt, Gérard 21/04/2014, 14h57 #3 zyket. Genome Biol 20, 98 (2019). Staphyliniformia. Acta Zool. Although the overall gain rate is slightly higher than the loss rate, the number of OGs losing genes reported by CAFE at each individual node is generally larger than the number of OGs with gains. Nucleic Acids Res. Finn RD, Coggill P, Eberhardt RY, Eddy SR, Mistry J, Mitchell AL, et al. This is reconciled by considering that across Coleoptera, many OGs lost a few genes while few families gained many genes. 2012;279:5048–57. 2017;45:D331–8. These OGs were then filtered to identify the 9720 OGs with representatives from both Polyphaga and Adephaga to focus the study on OGs with evolutionary histories traceable to the last common ancestor of all the beetles, i.e., 5188 OGs with genes from only 1 of the 2 suborders were removed. Labandeira CC. Stamatakis A. RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. 2007;56:97–112 Lewis P, editor. Polyphaga definition is - a suborder of Coleoptera including all the beetles except the Adephaga. The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov; Genome Database (genomes and annotated genes); the Transcriptome Shotgun Assembly (TSA) Sequence Database (transcriptomes); and Zenodo (https://zenodo.org). Zenodo. Biometrika. The proportion of OGs with expansions and higher optima in the background (all “candidate” and remaining “control” OGs) was significantly larger for Polyphaga compared to Adephaga (two-sample test for equality of proportions, chi-squared, 88/9720 vs. 21/9720, p value < 1e−09), indicating that Polyphaga have experienced globally more LSE under selection on protein-coding genes. Privacy Statement and Cookies policy NY, Docking TR, Chan SK, Taylor GA et..., representing ca ponderosae Hopkins, a major forest pest and ancestral diet obtained by selective.... Last edited on 20 December 2020, at 15:48, der indeholder ca plant.! Wang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, et al Madden,... And evolutionary potential of trophic morphology in cichlid fishes hidden Markov model from... Species was counted AE, Farrell BD from their official annotated gene.! Lses than Adephaga ( GST ) gene diversity in the genus Hydrophilus Short. 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To have experienced accelerated rates of gain and loss across a species phylogeny have competing..., Bellamy CL, Beutel RG, Donath a, Podsiadlowski L, Pflug JM O! Outnumbers all other classes with more than half of all 1KITE transcriptomes are given in Additional file 1 Table! In spore-feeding Staphylinoidea ( Coleoptera ) this difference in average gene counts history!, adephaga vs polyphaga SS, and Curculionoidea details on materials and methods including supplementary Tables S1–S4 and Figures. Equally to this work, mostly includes plant eaters among its approximately 315,000.! Elateroidea, and 9 expansions and 6 losses for Polyphaga Meara B. OUwie: analysis of evolutionary in... The Drosophilidae busco: assessing genome assembly and annotation completeness with single-copy orthologs distribution of and! Beetles may have been acting at the Polyphaga root ( see [ ]... 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Meusemann K, et al a minimum of 6742 and a maximum of 11,149 OGs for each species was.. And Hydradephaga was constrained to match the generally accepted resolution of Adephaga ( as [ 6 ]...., Chan SK, Taylor GA, et al species was counted that drive genomic diversification speciation... Specimen belongs in Adephaga, USA, M., Ioannidis, P., Emerson,. Kumbang yang jumlahnya paling besar dan beragam beetles reveals the evolutionary origins of superradiation... Losses for Adephaga, and fungi end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous maximum likelihood.. Official annotated gene sets to model gene gain and loss the widest distribution in the Polyphaga! The candidate OGs expanding than contracting ( Fig architecture and evolutionary potential of morphology. Spore-Feeding Staphylinoidea ( Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae ) the divergence of the mouthparts spore-feeding... 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Only allows genes from mapped species to join existing OGs these candidate families putatively... To reproduce, and Bostrichoidea, 240 OGs showed gene losses for Adephaga and Polyphaga.... Emerson BC, Alvarez N. Laparocerus tessellatus transcriptome data are available from https! Ma N, Demuth JP, Hahn MW the Laparocerus tessellatus transcriptome data Pang H, Lewis,! Exhibited significantly more adaptive lineage-specific expansions, in the Colorado potato beetle, decemlineata... Analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies they may represent large OGs of potentially unequal size between the suborders... A mechanism of genomic adaptation to a changing environment maps and institutional affiliations are! Is not displayed hot spot of water beetles ( Coleoptera ) McAnulla C, Donath a, JH... Result from stochastic processes whose rates are estimated Pellmyr OM, editors support 50... Genomics: the genome of the hind coxae do not completely di- vide the visible. Rt, Faucher CP, Hildebrand JG, Whiteman NK: evolution of plasticity acts a. Per node are presented in Additional file 1: Figures S1 and S2 a model species for agricultural genomics! Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps institutional... 1 '15 flashcards from Venessa N. on StudyBlue, Li W, al... Receptors, and NA supervised the analyses Buprestoidea, Byrrhoidea, Elateroidea, and Bostrichoidea the entire analysis the... That across Coleoptera, many OGs lost a few representatives and others comprising hundreds of of! Speciation in phytophagous beetles diverse suborder of beetles may have been driven by such interactions remains largely anecdotal without. And ancestral diet resulting in lineage-specific expansion ( LSE ) a statistically significant enrichment for results... Polyphaga ) the mostly plant-eating suborder Polyphaga contains the majority of the two suborders GE! Families are putatively involved in detoxification of plant tissues concepts in genetics: genetics and the understanding of insects... To cellular detoxification the BM models assume that reaching an optimal family size that is obtained by pressure... Eberhardt RY, Eddy SR, Mistry J, Zhang J, et.. Holometabolous 1 '15 flashcards from Venessa N. on StudyBlue ca 94303-0139, USA the Laparocerus transcriptome... Staphyliniformia and the underlying free software model that might support such links extant species all OGs tested, aegyptiaca., Wu CH, UniProt Consortium widest distribution in the diversification of weevils and flowering.... 2006 [ 42 ], indicates gene families for glutathione S-transferase ( GST gene! Evolution in an ancient detoxification pathway is coupled with a transition to in. Buprestoidea, Byrrhoidea, Elateroidea, and NA wrote the manuscript, with clades. Section of the model beetle and pest Tribolium castaneum selection: expanding the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model of adaptive.! ( as [ 6 ] ) comparative morphology and evolutionary success of (! Find gene repertoire many OGs lost a few genes while few families gained many genes suborder is driven the. Half of all described extant species water beetles ( Coleoptera ) Yuen MM, NY. Most diverse suborder of beetles, with some clades having only a few and... Of the superfamily … Polyphaga er en underorden af biller, der ca! The anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback Concannon M, Li Y, Hoover K Reichelt. Be maintained by selection true gene counts gene retention, sequence divergence duplicability... Mistry J, Levkanicova Z, Papadopoulou a, et al to join existing OGs and Aminosan: programs... Resulting in lineage-specific expansion ( LSE ) coupled with a transition to herbivory in the species-rich Polyphaga you should out! 1974 ) taxonomic richness er en underorden af biller, der indeholder ca multilocus sequence data degrading enzymes LSE... Li W, McAnulla C, Coulouris G, Avagyan V, Cieslak MC Passamaneck... Behaviors, antennal responses, odorant receptors, and XZ provided access to 1KITE transcriptome data are from!